Nā pōhaku lepo SK32 a me SK34: Kūpono no nā ʻoihana wela kiʻekiʻe

I ke ao o nā noi ʻoihana wela kiʻekiʻe, kū nā piliki SK32 a me SK34 ma ke ʻano he mau hopena kūpaʻa hilinaʻi a hana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kēia mau piliki he ʻāpana o ka moʻo SK o nā piliki fireclay, kaulana no ko lākou kūpaʻa wela a me ke kūpaʻa.

1. Ka Hoʻohuihui a me ka Hana ʻana​

Hana ʻia nā piliki ahi SK32 a me SK34 mai nā mea maka maikaʻi loa, me ka pālolo refractory, ka chamotte calcined, a me ka mullite. Pili ke kaʻina hana i nā ʻenehana holomua e hōʻoia i ka haʻahaʻa o ka porosity o nā piliki, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, a me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka spalling thermal, abrasion, a me ka corrosion.

Piliki SK32

ʻO ka maʻamau, loaʻa i nā piliki SK32 he 35 - 38% alumina. Hāʻawi kēia ʻano hana iā lākou i kahi refractoriness o ≥1690 °C a me kahi refractoriness ma lalo o ke kaumaha (0.2 MPa) o ≥1320 °C. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi porosity apparent o 20 - 24% a me ka bulk density o 2.05 - 2.1 g/cm³.

Piliki SK34

ʻO nā piliki SK34, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he kiʻekiʻe aʻe ka nui o ka alumina, mai 38 - 42%. ʻO kēia ka hopena i kahi refractoriness kiʻekiʻe o ≥1710 °C a me kahi refractoriness ma lalo o ke kaumaha (0.2 MPa) o ≥1340 °C. ʻO ko lākou porosity apparent he 19 - 23%, a ʻo ka bulk density he 2.1 - 2.15 g/cm³.

2. Nā noi

Ma muli o ko lākou mau waiwai koʻikoʻi, loaʻa ka hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻana o nā piliki SK32 a me SK34 i nā ʻano ʻoihana wela kiʻekiʻe like ʻole.

Nā Hale Hana Kila

I ka hana kila, ʻo nā piliki SK34 ke koho mua no nā uhi umu, nā ʻōpala, a me nā lako hana wela kiʻekiʻe ʻē aʻe. Pono nā kūlana wela loa i nā hale hana kila i nā mea me ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe loa, a kūpono loa nā piliki SK34 i ka bila. Hiki iā lākou ke kū i ka wela nui a pale i nā hale ma lalo mai ka hōʻino ʻia.

ʻO nā piliki SK32, me ko lākou kūpaʻa wela haʻahaʻa iki akā he hana kupaianaha nō hoʻi, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma nā wahi o ka hale hana kila i hōʻike ʻia i ka wela kūpono, e like me kekahi mau uhi umu kahi i ʻole ai nā koi mahana i koʻikoʻi loa.

ʻOihana Keramikaʻ

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā piliki SK32 a me SK34 i loko o nā umu keramika. He kūpono nā piliki SK32 no nā umu e hana ana i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, e hāʻawi ana i ka pale hilinaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa wela. Hoʻohana ʻia nā piliki SK34, me ko lākou hiki ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, i loko o nā umu kahi e pili ana nā mahana ʻoi aku ka nui, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka maikaʻi o nā huahana keramika i ka wā e puhi ai.

Nā Hale Hana Sima

I loko o nā umu wili sima, he kuleana koʻikoʻi ko nā piliki SK32 a me SK34. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea abrasive i nā hale hana sima e pono ai nā piliki refractory me ka ikaika mechanical maikaʻi loa a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu. Hoʻohana ʻia nā piliki SK32 ma nā ʻāpana o ka umu kahi ʻaʻole i kiʻekiʻe loa ka wela, ʻoiai ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā piliki SK34 ma nā wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia i ka wela nui loa, e like me ka ʻāpana puhi o ka umu.

Nā Hale Hana Kemika a me nā Petrochemical

Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā piliki SK34 i nā mea hana a me nā lako wela i nā hale hana petrochemical a me nā kemika. Hana pinepine kēia mau hale hana me nā hopena kemika wela kiʻekiʻe, a ʻo ka hiki o nā piliki SK34 ke kūʻē i ka wela a me ka pala kemika e lilo ai lākou i koho kūpono. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā piliki SK32 i kekahi mau noi i loko o kēia mau hale hana kahi i ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā kūlana mahana.

3. Nā Pōmaikaʻi

Hāʻawi nā piliki SK32 a me SK34 i kekahi mau pono e makemake nui ʻia ai lākou i nā noi wela kiʻekiʻe.

Ke kūpaʻa wela maikaʻi loa

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, hiki i nā ʻano piliki ʻelua ke kū i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ka hana maikaʻi ma lalo o ke kaumaha e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana e hiki iā lākou ke mālama i ko lākou kūpaʻa kūkulu ʻana ma nā wahi wela koʻikoʻi loa.

Ka Hoʻokele Haʻahaʻa Haʻahaʻa

He haʻahaʻa ko lākou conductivity thermal, ʻo ia hoʻi ke hōʻemi nei i ka nalowale o ka wela. ʻAʻole wale kēia waiwai he mea pono no ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana i makemake ʻia i loko o nā lako ʻoihana akā kōkua pū kekahi i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu. Ma ka pale ʻana i ka wela mai ka pakele ʻana, hiki i nā mea kanu ke hana me ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ke kumukūʻai.

Ikaika Mechanical Kiʻekiʻeʻ

Loaʻa i nā piliki SK32 a me SK34 ka ikaika mechanical kiʻekiʻe. ʻAe kēia iā lākou e hoʻomanawanui i ke kaumaha mechanical, ka ʻānai ʻana, a me ka hopena e kū mai ana ma nā wahi ʻoihana. ʻO ko lākou kūpaʻa kūkulu e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i kahi ola lawelawe lōʻihi, e hōʻemi ana i ka pono no nā hoʻololi pinepine a pēlā e mālama ai i nā kumukūʻai mālama.

Ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka Thermal Spalling a me ka Corrosion

He kūpaʻa loa nā piliki i ka spalling thermal, ʻo ia hoʻi ka nahā ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻili ʻana o ka mea ma muli o nā loli wikiwiki o ka mahana. Hāʻawi pū lākou i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka pala, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā wahi waiwai i nā kemika. ʻO kēia ka mea e kūpono ai lākou no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano ʻoihana like ʻole kahi i maʻamau ai kēlā mau pilikia.

4. Ke koho ʻana i ka piliki kūpono

I ke koho ʻana ma waena o nā piliki SK32 a me SK34 no kahi noi kikoʻī, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia kekahi mau mea.
Nā Pono Mahana

ʻO ke kumu koʻikoʻi loa, ʻo ia ka mahana e hōʻike ʻia ai ka piliki. Inā pili ka noi i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe loa, e like me nā umu hana kila a i ʻole kekahi mau umu wela kiʻekiʻe, ʻo nā piliki SK34 ke koho maopopo. Eia nō naʻe, no nā noi me nā mahana kiʻekiʻe waena, hiki i nā piliki SK32 ke hāʻawi i kahi hopena ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kumukūʻai me ka ʻole o ka mōhai nui ʻana i ka hana.

Kaiapuni Kemika

He mea nui nō hoʻi ke ʻano kemika o ke kaiapuni kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka piliki. I nā kaiapuni me nā pae kiʻekiʻe o nā kemika ʻino, pono paha ka pale ʻana o nā piliki SK34 i ka ʻino. Akā inā liʻiliʻi ka hōʻike ʻana i nā kemika, ua lawa paha nā piliki SK32.
Nā Manaʻo Kumukūʻai

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kumukūʻai o nā piliki SK32 ma mua o nā piliki SK34. Inā ʻae ka mahana a me nā koi kemika o ka noi, hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā piliki SK32 ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā kumukūʻai papahana holoʻokoʻa. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui e pale i ka hana no ka mālama kālā.

I ka hopena, ʻo nā piliki SK32 a me SK34 ʻelua o nā mea refractory hilinaʻi loa i loaʻa no nā noi ʻoihana wela kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ko lākou mau waiwai kūikawā, ka laulā o nā noi, a me ke kumukūʻai kūpono e lilo ai lākou i koho kūpono no nā ʻoihana like ʻole. Inā he hale hana kila, hale hana keramika, hale hana sima, a i ʻole kahi hale hana petrochemical, hiki i kēia mau piliki ke hāʻawi i ke kūpaʻa wela a me ke kūpaʻa e pono ai e hōʻoia i ka hana maʻalahi a me ka maikaʻi.