Nā Piliki Paʻa ʻOle Pālolo: Ke Kumu Hilinaʻi ma ka ʻĀpana Mahana Kiʻekiʻe ʻOihana

I loko o nā kaʻina hana hana ʻoihana he nui, he mau pilikia maʻamau nā wahi wela kiʻekiʻe. Inā paha ma ka metallurgy, ka hana aniani, ka keramika, a i ʻole ka hana sima, pono nā mea hilinaʻi e kū i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka hana paʻa o nā lako hana a me ka pono o ka hana ʻana. Ma ke ʻano he mea refractory i hoʻāʻo ʻia e ka manawa, ke pāʻani nei nā piliki refractory lepo i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi a hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i ke kahua wela kiʻekiʻe ʻoihana me kā lākou hana koʻikoʻi.

Hana Kūikawā e Hoʻoponopono ai i nā Pilikia Mahana Kiʻekiʻe

Hōʻike nā piliki paʻa lepo i kahi moʻo o nā pono hana kupaianaha ma muli o ko lākou ʻano kemika kū hoʻokahi a me ka microstructure. ʻO kā lākou mau mea nui he lepo a me ka kaolin, a hoʻohui pinepine ʻia kekahi hapa o nā mea maka kōkua e like me ke one quartz, bauxite, a me ke gangue lanahu. ʻO kēia hui ʻana o nā mea maka i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia e hāʻawi iā lākou i nā waiwai paʻa maikaʻi loa. Ma keʻano laulā, hiki i nā piliki paʻa lepo ke kū i nā mahana ma luna o 1000°C, a hiki i kekahi mau huahana kiʻekiʻe ke kū i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe loa ma mua o 1500°C, e hāʻawi ana i kahi pale palekana wela kiʻekiʻe no ka hana ʻoihana.

Eia kekahi, hana maikaʻi loa nā piliki paʻa ʻole i ka lepo i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala. Loaʻa i ka lepo a me ke kaolin i loko o ka mea nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka silicate a me ka aluminate, hiki ke pale pono i ka ʻino ʻana o nā mea kemika like ʻole e like me nā waikawa, alkalis, a me nā paʻakai. ʻO kēia ʻano e makemake nui ʻia ai lākou i nā ʻoihana me nā koi kiʻekiʻe loa no ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala, e like me nā ʻoihana kemika a me nā ʻoihana metallurgical, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka hana paʻa lōʻihi o nā lako i nā wahi kemika paʻakikī.

I nā wahi wela kiʻekiʻe, he pilikia maʻamau ka ʻaʻahu ʻana o nā mea. Eia nō naʻe, he kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa ka pale ʻana o nā piliki palolo i ka ʻāʻī ma muli o ko lākou paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mānoanoa. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka ʻaʻahu ʻana o ko lākou ʻili i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, a hiki iā lākou ke mālama i ka laumania a me ka ikaika mechanical no ka manawa lōʻihi, e hoʻolōʻihi nui ana i ke ola lawelawe o nā lako a hoʻemi i nā kumukūʻai mālama.

Eia kekahi, he mau waiwai hoʻomehana maikaʻi ko nā piliki paʻa ʻole o ka pālolo. ʻO nā mea hoʻomehana wela e like me ka perlite i hoʻonui ʻia a me ka vermiculite i hoʻonui ʻia i loko e hiki ke pale pono i ka hoʻoili wela, pāʻani i kahi hana mālama wela maikaʻi loa i nā wahi wela kiʻekiʻe, hōʻemi i ka nalowale o ka wela, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu.

Nā noi ākea e hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻoihana he nui
Me kā lākou hana kupaianaha, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā piliki palolo i nā ʻoihana he nui.

I loko o ka ʻoihana hana hao, mai nā umu pahū, nā kapuahi wela a hiki i nā umu kapuahi hāmama a me nā umu uila, he mau mea koʻikoʻi nā piliki paʻa lepo. Ma ke ʻano he mau mea uhi, hiki iā lākou ke kū i ka holoi ʻana a me ka ʻānai ʻana o ka hao a me ka ʻōpala i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wela kiʻekiʻe, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka holomua mālie o ke kaʻina hana hao a hāʻawi i kahi kūlana wela kiʻekiʻe paʻa no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā metala e like me ke kila.

I loko o ka ʻoihana hana aniani, pono nā umu hoʻoheheʻe aniani e hana i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe no ka manawa lōʻihi, a he paʻakikī loa nā koi no nā mea refractory. Ua lilo nā piliki pālolo i koho kūpono no nā umu hoʻoheheʻe aniani ma muli o ko lākou kūpaʻa i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa i ka pala, a me ke kūpaʻa wela maikaʻi. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke kū i ka ʻinoʻino o ka aniani hoʻoheheʻe wela kiʻekiʻe akā mālama pū i ke kūpaʻa o ke kūkulu ʻana ma lalo o nā loli mahana pinepine, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka hana kiʻekiʻe o ke aniani.

I loko o ka ʻoihana keramika, pono nā umu e like me nā umu tunnel a me nā umu shuttle e kāohi pono i ka mahana a me ka lewa i ke puhi ʻana i nā huahana keramika. Ma muli o ko lākou mau waiwai kūpaʻa a me ka mālama wela maikaʻi loa, hiki i nā piliki kūpaʻa lepo ke hāʻawi i kahi kūlana wela paʻa no ke puhi ʻana i ka keramika, e kōkua ana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi a me ka hua o nā huahana keramika.

I ke kaʻina hana sima, ʻo ka umu wili ka lako nui, a kiʻekiʻe loa ka mahana hana. Ma ke ʻano he mea uhi o ka umu wili, hiki i nā piliki palolo ke pale aku i ka ʻaʻahu a me ka ʻino kemika o nā mea wela kiʻekiʻe, e hōʻoia i ka hana paʻa lōʻihi o ka umu wili, a hāʻawi i kahi hōʻoia no ka hana pono o ka hana sima.

Kaʻina Hana Maʻa a me ka Kūlana Hilinaʻi

Ua hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ke kaʻina hana o nā piliki paʻa ʻole i ka lepo i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa a ua oʻo loa i kēia manawa. ʻO ka mea mua, ua koho pono ʻia nā mea maka kiʻekiʻe e like me ka lepo a me ke kaolin a hana maikaʻi ʻia. A laila, ua hui pū ʻia nā mea maka ma nā ʻano kikoʻī a hana ʻia ma o ke kaomi ʻana i ka maloʻo a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​ʻano hana plastik. Ma hope o ke kūkulu ʻana, ua hoʻomaloʻo ʻia nā blanks brick e wehe i ka makū keu, a ʻo ka hope, ua puhi ʻia i loko o kahi umu wela kiʻekiʻe. Ma nā mahana kiʻekiʻe mai 1250°C a i 1420°C, aia kekahi mau loli kino a me ke kemika i loko o nā blanks brick, e hana ana i kahi ʻano kristal paʻa, no laila e loaʻa ai nā waiwai paʻa a me nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi loa.

ʻO kēia kaʻina hana hana makua e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka maikaʻi paʻa a hilinaʻi hoʻi o nā piliki palolo. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia kēlā me kēia piliki i nā nānā pono, a ʻo kona ʻano, ka nui, a me nā waiwai kino e kūlike me nā kūlana kūpono a me nā koi o ka mea kūʻai aku. Inā he piliki maʻamau a i ʻole nā ​​​​piliki ʻano kūikawā like ʻole, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokō i nā pono like ʻole o nā lako ʻoihana like ʻole.

E koho iā mākou e loaʻa ai nā piliki paʻa lepo kiʻekiʻe

Ma waena o nā mea hoʻolako piliki paʻa lepo he nui, kū mākou i waho me ko mākou mau makahiki o ka ʻike ʻoihana, ʻenehana hana holomua, a me ka ʻōnaehana kaohi maikaʻi. Loaʻa iā mākou kahi hui R & D ʻoihana e hoʻomau nei i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana a me ka hana hou ʻana i ka hana huahana e hoʻokō i nā pono e ulu nei o kā mākou mea kūʻai aku.

ʻO kā mākou mau hale hana hana he ʻoi loa ke akamai, e hiki ai ke hana nui a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka lawa o ka lako. ʻOiai ka nui o kāu kauoha, hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi i ka manawa kūpono. I ka manawa like, hoʻokau mākou i kahi mea nui i ka lawelawe mea kūʻai aku. Mai ke kūkākūkā huahana, ka hoʻolālā hoʻonā a hiki i ka lawelawe ma hope o ke kūʻai aku, e hāʻawi kahi hui loea iā ʻoe i ke kākoʻo piha a me ka hōʻoia.

Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i nā piliki paʻa lepo kiʻekiʻe e hāʻawi i nā hopena palekana wela kiʻekiʻe no kāu hana ʻoihana, a laila e koho iā mākou. E lawelawe mākou iā ʻoe me ka naʻau piha a hana pū me ʻoe e hana i kahi wā e hiki mai ana. E kāhea mai iā mākou i kēia manawa e kiʻi i ka ʻike huahana hou aku a me nā ʻōlelo kūʻai a hoʻomaka i kāu huakaʻi o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā piliki paʻa lepo kiʻekiʻe.